{"id":481,"date":"2023-01-10T23:22:34","date_gmt":"2023-01-10T23:22:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/?p=481"},"modified":"2023-04-06T20:43:31","modified_gmt":"2023-04-06T20:43:31","slug":"10-13-rate-of-thc-decomposition-to-cbn-et-al","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/10-13-rate-of-thc-decomposition-to-cbn-et-al\/","title":{"rendered":"10.13 Rate of THC Decomposition to CBN, et al"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

 A reader recently brought CAT Scientific’s Debunking the Myth of THC-CBN Conversion Intensity<\/strong> study at https:\/\/www.catscientific.com\/decarboxylating-cannabis\/ to my attention, and asked my read, as it appeared to fly in the face of conventional protocol. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because I am familiar with the author, have tested the accuracy of the CAT Scientific hot plate, and know the Phd who tested the results, instead of simply shrugging it off, I dug deeper, starting with contacting Dr Justin Fischedick and seeking his insight on the phenomenon. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Always a delight, Dr Fischedick  not only provided me with his thoughts, but provided me with three different serious scientific papers on the subject, which caused me to rewrite our own decarboxylation article and to add a couple more related threads to our TAR site. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The conflict between the CAT Scientific study and conventional protocol, was the rate of THC conversion to CBN after reaching the peak of the 70% decarboxylation curve.  It showed a slower drop in THC than the plunge suggested by the generally accepted graph on the subject, provided by the Journal of Chromatography in 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Decarboxylation time and temperature chart<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The conventional wisdom to this point is that once 70% decarboxylation is reached, that the rate the remaining THC-a is converted to THC is lower than the rate that the existing THC is converted to CBN.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

That turned out to not be so, as demonstrated by the following graph, which I drew using the copyrighted graph published in Isolation of D9-THC-a from hemp and analytical aspects concerning the determination of D9-THC in cannabis products<\/strong>, published in Forensic Science International, 18-Aug-2004. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

THC-a to THC conversion rate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

As you can see, what this graph shows is that by the time we’ve reached 70% decarboxylation, 30% of the THC has already been turned to CBN and other breakdown products.  The reason that THC doesn’t continue to rise above about 70%, is there is no THC-a left to convert. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

That still doesn’t resolve the differences between the rate of THC conversion to CBN to the right of the graph, after it has peaked around 70%, shown here:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

CAT Scientific decarboxylation study<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

As you can see in the CAT Scientific study, the rate of THC decomposing into CBN is radically different than the plunge demonstrated in the previous graph.  The answers to that question lay in the different reports, as well as within the keen fine minds of Dr. Fishchedick. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The issue is that the tests and graphs don’t represent the same test material or conditions. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 The Journal of Chromatography graph represented a dab of concentrate heated in an open glass container, while the next graph was in a closed container excluding atmospheric oxygen, and the Cat Scientific study was done suspended in oil. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dr. Fischedick relayed yet another test he had run, testing formulation stability, where they placed the THC + formula in an oven and flooded the oven with oxygen.  Even in that oxygen enriched atmosphere, he said that the degradation was slower then the first two graphs above.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

He also noted that many of his clients research producing CBN under various conditions and it varies for all of them until they really find an optimized process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition we routinely injection THC into the inert atmosphere<\/strong> of a gas chromatograph at high temperatures like those shown and we don’t see andy degradation in that time period. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

He summarized by saying that unless we’re heating a coup;le grams of oil on a hot plate exactly like the first graph, we should expect conversion to be close to the same.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

 A reader recently brought CAT Scientific’s Debunking the Myth of THC-CBN Conversion Intensity study at https:\/\/www.catscientific.com\/decarboxylating-cannabis\/ to my attention, and asked my read, as it appeared to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-481","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-10-the-alchemist-resource"],"yoast_head":"\n10.13 Rate of THC Decomposition to CBN, et al - GrayWolf's Lair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/10-13-rate-of-thc-decomposition-to-cbn-et-al\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"10.13 Rate of THC Decomposition to CBN, et al - GrayWolf's Lair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\" A reader recently brought CAT Scientific’s Debunking the Myth of THC-CBN Conversion Intensity study at https:\/\/www.catscientific.com\/decarboxylating-cannabis\/ to my attention, and asked my read, as it appeared to […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/10-13-rate-of-thc-decomposition-to-cbn-et-al\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"GrayWolf's Lair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/james.ellis.9081\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-01-10T23:22:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-04-06T20:43:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211026145727im_\/https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/images\/Decarb_chart.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"GrayWolf\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"GrayWolf\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/graywolfslair.com\\\/index.php\\\/10-the-alchemist-resource\\\/10-13-rate-of-thc-decomposition-to-cbn-et-al\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/graywolfslair.com\\\/index.php\\\/10-the-alchemist-resource\\\/10-13-rate-of-thc-decomposition-to-cbn-et-al\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"GrayWolf\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/graywolfslair.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/40d6da885f58d0e767e114277e1c7d1c\"},\"headline\":\"10.13 Rate of THC Decomposition to CBN, et al\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-01-10T23:22:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-04-06T20:43:31+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/graywolfslair.com\\\/index.php\\\/10-the-alchemist-resource\\\/10-13-rate-of-thc-decomposition-to-cbn-et-al\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":623,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/graywolfslair.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/graywolfslair.com\\\/index.php\\\/10-the-alchemist-resource\\\/10-13-rate-of-thc-decomposition-to-cbn-et-al\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/web.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20211026145727im_\\\/https:\\\/\\\/graywolfslair.com\\\/images\\\/Decarb_chart.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"10. 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The Alchemist Resource"","block_context":{"text":"10. The Alchemist Resource","link":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/category\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":246,"url":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/8-essential-oil-safety\/8-11-dr-justin-fischedick-on-plant-terpenes\/","url_meta":{"origin":481,"position":1},"title":"8.11 Dr Justin Fischedick On Plant Terpenes","author":"GrayWolf","date":"January 9, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Perhaps the best opening question to start the article on sweet Mary\u2019s charms, would be why are we so interested in these volatile compounds.\u00a0 Our own interest started prior to November of 2013, because by that time we sponsored Dr. Justin Fischedick as a guest lecturer in Portland.\u00a0 He lectured\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "8. Essential Oil Safety"","block_context":{"text":"8. Essential Oil Safety","link":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/category\/8-essential-oil-safety\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/graywolfslair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/JF-2-jpg.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/graywolfslair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/JF-2-jpg.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/graywolfslair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/JF-2-jpg.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":442,"url":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/10-6-sweet-marys-charms-iii\/","url_meta":{"origin":481,"position":2},"title":"10.6 Sweet Mary’s Charms III","author":"GrayWolf","date":"January 10, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Another thank you to Dr. Justin Fischedick for the pile-o-papers and studies, in support of my quest to solve the CBN riddle, and the study done by Rak K. Rasdan titled \"The Total Synthesis of Cannabinoids\".\u00a0 Published by the Department of Chemistry, Carlton University\u2019s \u201cTotal Synthesis of Natural Products.\u00a0 Available\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "10. The Alchemist Resource"","block_context":{"text":"10. The Alchemist Resource","link":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/category\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":485,"url":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/10-15-identifying-cannabis-strains-by-terpene-profile\/","url_meta":{"origin":481,"position":3},"title":"10.15 Identifying cannabis strains by terpene profile","author":"GrayWolf","date":"January 10, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Here is an interesting open access paper on identifying cannabis strains by terpene profile by Doctor Justin Fischedick (Fis ched ik), 2020 EISohly awards winner who holds a BS from the State University New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, a MS in Biology and a Doctoral Degree from\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "10. The Alchemist Resource"","block_context":{"text":"10. The Alchemist Resource","link":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/category\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":479,"url":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/10-12-sustainable-production-of-cannabinoids-with-supercritical-carbon-dioxide-technologies\/","url_meta":{"origin":481,"position":4},"title":"10.12 Sustainable Production of Cannabinoids with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Technologies","author":"GrayWolf","date":"January 10, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The following are some notes from the 212 page report by H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Perrotin-Brunel in the Netherlands, ISBN 978-90-8570-730-1, Copyright \u00a9 2011, Their copyright forbids copying, but I can share some of their critical results and suggest that you read the whole thing at: https:\/\/repository.tudelft.nl\/islandora\/object\/uuid%3Ac1b4471f-ea42-47cb-a230-5555d268fb4c According to the report, between 315-345\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "10. The Alchemist Resource"","block_context":{"text":"10. The Alchemist Resource","link":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/category\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":424,"url":"https:\/\/graywolfslair.com\/index.php\/10-the-alchemist-resource\/10-1-decarboxylation\/","url_meta":{"origin":481,"position":5},"title":"10.1 Decarboxylation","author":"GrayWolf","date":"January 10, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0As produced by the cannabis plant, the cannabinoids are produced in carboxylic acid form, which means that there is a carboxyl group (COOH) attached.\u00a0 Note the THCa molecule below with the COOH carboxyl group in the upper right hand corner. \u00a0THCa Molecule: \u00a0Notice the carbon with a single bond to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "10. The Alchemist Resource"","block_context":{"text":"10. 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